NDM News: Citizen journalism

• Examples
• 1991 police were abusing a black male and it was filmed.After a high speed chase they caught and surrounded.They beat him and tasered him,it was filmed by someone looking gout their apartment window and it was considered to be a home video.It became global and that video was used in all the news segment.The year later the four officers were cleared of all charges and this lead to riots with 4000 people injured and 53 people died.The riots also cost 1 billion in damages.
• Asian tsunami in December 2004 people where recording mostly for their holiday memories on their phones however changed very quickly as they were filming a world disaster.The natural disaster made it onto all the social media outlet and had millions of views.
• The there was the London bombings in 2005 as people who were there were filming the aftermath of people getting in the ambulance a video went on the popular site back then Myspace and the whole place being packed.
• Then there was a 23 year old seung-hui chohe was a mass murder as he killed 2 people then 30 people on another it happened a Virginia tech were there,any student as with mobile phones however one was brave enough to get the shots.Instead of saving himself he recorded the event from where he was,which was on the floor.Therefore the footage got into the hand of news paper and news institution
• Theory (audience reception etc.) 
• Hypodermic needle model as new and digital media allows people to follow and comment on their reliable source.As they receive the message.
• Benefits to institutions 
• The citizen journalism does really get any recognition from someone on social media so most of he citizen journalist content are sent into the institution for them to broadcast it and thank the person who sent it.So it nearly all of the content comes from citizen journalism 
• Then even the institution stay on top of things on social media and so they get content from citizen journalism and put on their segment on to or sticks or even blog.
• Benefits to audience 
• The audience gets a real authority and reality of the citizen journalism content.the audience don't believe everything they hear but they will believe what they see as its there whether it's on the news or social media 
• Wider issues and debates 
• How to make money for both the generator and the host of the content
• SHEP
• Social:Every major institution has a twitter account or YouTube account so there breaking news and daily news is hit by others.Its watched,likes,commented,re tweeted and favorited and so on.
    
  Historic: Citizen journalism has increased as someone with a phone and access to a minor social media following can get their picture and right their own content.From the first ever citizen journalism example in la 1991.Citizen journalism is taken on board by the citizen rather than back in the day where the picture or video would be placed in the hand of the institution
    
  Economic: Institution want to make profit by making more money than they spend so they let go some of their journalists and its hard to become a journalist
    
  Political: Some institution follow different rules and so they might give a different story or a biased side
   

1) What is meant by the term ‘citizen journalist’?

Citizen journalist means ordinary people with no big institution backing them.They use their own equipment to take picture or video and upload it to the Internet to allow other to view it.They are able to give the real picture of happened in the events.Sometimes they even write their own content to explain what happened whether it's online or on a article or blog.So this means news being generated by ordinary people.

2) What was one of the first examples of news being generated by ‘ordinary people’?

Its was the Rodney King situation as he was being brutally attacked by 4police officers and so someone saw from their apartment window and recorded from their home window. The footage reached news stations and newspapers.The footage gave evidence to the case and so the officers went to the court.The charges were dropped as they said it wasn't hardcore evidence and so the city of LA didn't take it too well about it and so they started rotation.
3) List some of the formats for participation that are now offered by news organisations.

Social networking sites have introduced message:

• boards
• polls
• chat rooms 
• Q&A.

4) What is one of the main differences between professionally shot footage and that taken first-hand (UGC)?

Professionally shot footage have better lighting or sound and are much clearer.The content moves with what we are seeing.However UGC can be very hard to see as it was hard to catch the shot so its more authentic however bad lighting and sound.

5) What is a gatekeeper?

Regulator of published news content

6) How has the role of a gatekeeper changed?

Chance for self-representation and the audience can choose for themselves what is 'news' instead of the institutional gatekeepers regulating the information shared around in the industry. 

7) What is one of the primary concerns held by journalists over the rise of UGC?

They fear for their jobs due to the reduced requirement of trained staff at news organisations. 

• News stories

The institutions have social media account to spread their news and so the audiences get their news on the social media.Also the audience get their news for free and that makes institutions lose out on revenue and profit.

• The news agenda (the choice of stories that make up the news)

Audience can get any type of news depending on their views.As there's a wider variety of institution of newspapers to get their news from such as the sun for gossip low brow info or for example the guardian for political or high intellectual news.

• The role of professionals in news

professional journalism is becoming less needed as big institutions are becoming smaller and big institutions are having to cut down on staff members.

Is Palestinian-Israeli violence being driven by social media?

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-34513693

• There has been a wave of stabbings and ad hoc gun attacks on Israelis by Palestinians since early October, and one apparent revenge stabbing by an Israeli.

• The attacks have been centrally organised, Palestinians have taken to social media to celebrate and encourage them.

• The staged scene, set to dramatic music, depicted two "Jews" bullying Arab children, before an Arab bystander stabs them both.

• The clip was removed from Hamas' YouTube channel after Israel's foreign ministry complained that it glorified violence and incited more attacks.

• Other posts praising and encouraging attacks on Israelis have also emerged on YouTube and Facebook, while Twitter hashtags including "Jerusalem Intifada" or "Intifada of the Knives" are gaining traction on Palestinian social media.

In my opinion i have seen a lot of explicit videos of young people dying and being carried to hospital.Therefore a lot of abuse has gone to Israel way by the civilians in the UK. I'am on twitter daily and see this all over my timeline and there have been the hashtags of #Savepalestine and then comments such as the scums of the earth are Israel.So by this i don't think is driving it on its probably raising awareness for others to let them know what is going on over there.As all the public on social media see are Palestine people being brutally killed.

How live video on Periscope helped 'get inside' the Syrian refugees story

http://www.theguardian.com/media/2015/sep/13/periscope-app-syrian-refugees-bild

• Bild reporter Paul Ronzheimer travelled across Europe live-streaming interviews: ‘For the refugee story, the personalisation is very important’
• One journalist for German newspaper Bild has found a way to use his smartphone to help those people tell their stories direct to readers. 
• he had 1,500 and after the video live broadcast he had 33,000.
• The video 90,000 views including the replays 
• He interviewed several people and they talked about their experience.
• Periscope’s features include the ability for viewers to comment during the broadcasts, which in this case often included questions that the refugees could answer live and unmediated.

This story is a great example of independent citizen journalism as the reported works for BILD the newspaper company in Germany however developed a segment on a social networking app called periscope.So he was periscoping everything at the base of the refugees trying to get away form the Syrian crisis.The app allows you to video where you at and as many people as they want are allowed to watch it on their smartphone if they have the app too.They can also comment at the same time and so it allows the report to ask the refugees the question from the people at home.Whether they are from america or the uk.

Deezer to stream TalkSport's Premier League and FA Cup commentaries

http://www.theguardian.com/media/2015/oct/01/deezer-talksport-premier-league-fa-cup-spotify

• Deezer has struck a deal with TalkSport to offer Premier League and FA Cup matches on its streaming service in the UK.
• They are also planning an initial public offering that could value the business at €1bn (£737m)
• Its core offering of music streaming; the company claims a global subscriber base of 6 million
• Also has seen it branch out into news, talk and entertainment offerings.
• Under the deal, UK subscribers will be able to listen to live match commentary of 64 Premier League games this season as well as a selection of FA Cup matches.

This is great for the likes of spotify tidal and now Deezera they are a web based streaming service from music to news and entertainment and now streaming football commentary.They already have 6 million subscribers and i predict they will have more as they have such a wide range of streaming service for every type of fan.So football fans will sign up and music fans.This means spotify is getting caught up as people were saying they were the front runners for being the biggest and best streaming service in the world but probably not for long.

BBC sees danger of losing young viewers distracted by devices

http://www.theguardian.com/media/2015/oct/05/bbc-sees-danger-of-losing-young-viewers-distracted-by-devices

•  The danger of losing the attention of young viewers distracted by their devices, according to director of audiences, Nick North.
•  A strategy that extends to its development of iPlayer and YouTube preferences for Radio 1
• But he said the television in the corner of the living room still has an important role even in the OTT world.
• They have a new service planned, an OTT service, that will provide more access to British talent and creativity

My opinion is that BBC are TV channel with very important programmes for the younger generation such as MOTD or the bbc shows such as family guy or sun sex and suspicious parents.But however they do have a point as they young people are more and there phones and some even hardly watch tv as they can watch programmes on their phone or even movies on their laptop or phones illegally.BBC must bring more younger related shows such e4 have done over the years.

Build the Wall Analysis

Your tasks are as follows:

1) Read the article in full.

2) Create a blogpost on your MEST3 Exam Blog called 'Build The Wall analysis'. 

3) Summarise each section in one sentence:

• Section 1 (To all of the bystanders reading this…)

They want to find the right way for people to pay for content in this day and age which will be hard.

• Section 2 (Truth is, a halting movement toward...)

The need to create a new stream of revenue for content as content is the most important thing. 

• Section 3 (Beyond Mr. Sulzberger and Ms. Weymouth…)

Without adverting the newspaper industry would have down a long time and now its going to go down even more

• Section 4 (For the industry, it is later than it should be…)

3 scenarios to help build the wall and mostly are to help out the regional papers4) 

Summaries David Simon’s overall argument in 250 words.
David Simon overall argument is that the newspaper industry is dying out and so they need to come up with a plan to help save it and that by coming up with a stream of revenue.He doesn't like the idea of online subscriptions so they cannot use that they must come up with another way.As the audience who wants the news already have access to it for free and so why would they pay for it when they have it there for free already.there  are many ways to get news for free such as reports then clear pictures and videos also live content and also the reader can interact with the others by the comments.So the best way to attract readers that will pay for contact is that your content has to be 10/10 reliable and credible.Then the decline will be decline however if it carries on like this newspapers have already lost their readers they will also lose staff.Although readers might be convinced to pay online for a strong ,unique product,there is still in the last twenty years to suggest that newspaper chains would reinvest to create such a product.For those papers,its likely that a thin online subscriber base will reflect the weakness of their product. 

5) Read this response to the article by Dave Levy, criticising and disagreeing with David Simon's viewpoint. What references to new and digital media can you find in Levy's response?

Dave Levy talks about how there is a major difference between a news reporter online and a non-professional journalism.Also the content received online is received and can be spread to the corners of earth by social networks as well and so the online news website will have more readers to it. He talks about how if you do charge for your content the reader will just go online and read one of your competitors content and become regular readers to them. This means that institutions are practically wasting their time charging consumers when they can go to other competitors to receive news. 

6) Finally, what is your own opinion? Do you agree that newspapers need to put online content behind a paywall in order for the journalism industry to survive? Would you be willing to pay for news online? Critical autonomy is the key skill in A2 Media - you need to be able form opinions on these issues.

I disagree as building the wall is a waste of time as the reader will go somewhere where its free so i believe they should keep of trying to work something out to have another way of receiving income as none ever thought we would be here watching live news on the go receiving news within seconds.So the future can hold anything for the newspaper industry.

Newspapers: The effect of online technology

1) Do you agree with James Murdoch that the BBC should not be allowed to provide free news online? Why?

No i don't because i believe that if big is the biggest public service broadcaster and have a huge following and so they are doing us a favor in giving us up to date news that is high quality for free. 

James Murdoch is just unhappy because other media institutions are hurting because of the BBC but I believe the audience are pleased with the free news.None would pay for news when there is news available for free.BBC are funded by the revenue made from the television license. Whichever one pays as everyone need to so that a lot of revenue generated.However other news institutions need to stay up for business as they need ways to generate profit.So they do subscriptions for people to pay and view there content.

2) Read this blog on the Times paywall three years on.

3) Was Rupert Murdoch right to put his news content (The Times, The Sun) behind a paywall?

Yes,i think Rupert Murdoch was right to put his content behind a paywall as his content is important to his business and so he pays his journalist to make them and so then he cannot put it there for free.When there are search engines that have access to content easily and so they maybe mission out on millions.The paywall is doing well as some people still feel the content is good so they pay for subscriptions.


4) Choose two comments from below the Times paywall article - one that argues in favour of the paywall and one that argues against. Copy a quote from each and explain which YOU agree with and why.

It is so ridiculous if these mainstream newspapers believe that they can "force readership of fee-based news. One can get the same "news" for free almost anywhere on the internet.
I agree with this comment as some mainstream newspaper are being a bit big headed and so they think people should pay for their content.However the readers can go some where else and read it for free some where else.so they need to just take in the fact that news has changed due to new and digital media and news should be free.

I'd put my money on The Times when it comes to UK-based newspapers.MailOnline's audience is vast, especially for a UK-based title

I disagree with this as The Times and Daily mail are have two different audience and give different content and so as new digital media has come in place more of the younger generation have daily mail to hear the gossip about celebrities or football news.

5) Read this article from the Media Briefing on the continuing decline of the newspaper industry. 

6) Why do you think the Evening Standard has bucked the trend and increased circulation and profit in the last two years?

The London Evening Standard is an anomaly when its circulation and estimated readership figures are compared.
Because they expanded its distribution from 700,000 copies a day to 900,000 and recorded by ABC.

7) Is there any hope for the newspaper industry or will it eventually die out? Provide a detailed response to this question explaining and justifying your opinion.

The newspaper industry will die out as the new and digital media increases.This is because nearly everyone on the planet has access to the internet and so they can access news immediately with it full report.Instead of waiting for the next days newspaper and paying for it.Also another reason is the news is 24 hours now and has different parts when it comes on such as 6 o'clock news or 10 o'clock.The newspaper are still trying to offer their content for 50p or even lesser but i believe none will be paying for it any longer.They making losses as they paying wages for educated journalist and so they are only making their money only from adverting and that is not enough.

NDM baseline assessment learner response

WWW: This starts so well with excellent focus on the question and a relevant ,recent example of the refugee crisis.

EBI: However, you really lose your way midway through the essay.Focus on the question slip and some points are very  weak.stalking at Westfield?not sure its relevant

you really need to develop the other side of the argument ...the ideas audiences are not empowered and in fact institution , retain the power.


Write a well-developed paragraph exploring this other side of the argument

LR
Also developments on the new did digital media means everything is more accessibility as i was talking abut before and so its so easy to view content that is inappropriate for the younger generation.nothing is censored from YouTube videos ,Google images etc.So if anyone under the age of 18 sees these things them or their parents will be horrified.This can influence a child perception of things such as how they even treat women as they see them being perceived in that way.
Also the internet also has many pop ups various other sites and so they may contain adult content with half naked women on them.Also the main thing is Porn where its easy to access and easy to view as it takes you to type it in on any search engine you want.Also there's other non censored things such as brutal killing especially from sites that show Islamic terrorist group Isis killing innocent people heads off with knifes and shoot their heads off.An example of that was the story of the former presenter who killed his won colleagues and posted it on his twitter as he videos himself killing them.This is the age we living as there is self journalism as everyone has a phone or keypad and so they can post pictures videos and blogs instant to the new digital media for everyone to see showing there point.The internet is a great can be a very dark place too as you find things that are hard to see in real life with your own eyes.By the audience being journalist they retained power as they can comment on things too.So this means wherever you go you see the audience point of view on the situation.

Twitter likely to name co-founder Jack Dorsey permanent CEO, report says

http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/sep/30/twitter-jack-dorsey-permanent-ceo

Dorsey, who has been acting chief executive for the past three months, was fired as CEO in 2008 but could retake job as soon as Thursday

• The CEO has not been named yet but its said to announced very soon
• Taking the top job at Twitter would be great return to the top of the micro blogging service that Dorsey helped invent but from which he was previously fired as CEO in 2008.
• Dorsey, who at times has expressed interest in careers from fashion designer to New York City mayor
• Dorsey took over as interim CEO on 1 July, has not dismissed the idea of becoming permanent CEO of Twitter while staying at Square,

Dorsey was fired in 2008 and now has been taking it over for the past 3 months as interim CEO and is now in contention to take it over again.By this,in my opinion it shows that Dorsey is the right man for the job as the other occasions he was dismissed he always seem to come back.Twitter has been doing immensely well ever since 2008 me and my friends mostly joined around 2013 so the other CEO most of done well during those year and by the last 3 months Dorsey must have been doing a great job and sees a good direction for twitter to go in.

YouTube football channel Copa90 takes on big broadcasters with new ads

http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/sep/29/youtube-channel-copa90-marketing-campaign

British sports channel has more than 1m subscribers, but YouTube is giving it a promotional push like it did for Zoella and Vice News in 2014.

•  Copa90, it is averaging nearly 3.6m views and 13.8m minutes watched every month
• Copa90 now is getting advertising push from YouTube itself 
• Youtube believe copa90 is designed to reach every single 16- to 24-year-old football fan in the UK, and sees it as a much more logical sports strategy for YouTube than entering the live-rights market.
• Copa90 reaches the football fan market because they produce different content 

YouTube are doing this to generate a new football audience as they cant afford live primer league games or world cup games to distribute so this sort of content where 16-24 years football understand the banter and the punditry. Copa90 is already well founded by the likes of htc and Adidas etc.When having YouTube giving that promotional push,as a copa90 fan its a good way to go forward and a good thing for the whole YouTube community channels.With a high-profile advertising campaign involving online ads and billboards around London.